A Comprehensive Review of Green Computing Technologies for Sustainable Digital Infrastructure

Dawn Song

A Comprehensive Review of Green Computing Technologies for Sustainable Digital Infrastructure

Author(s)	Dawn Song
Country	United States
Abstract	The rapid expansion of digital technologies, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT), and data-driven applications has significantly increased global computational demands and energy consumption. Data centres, communication networks, and digital infrastructures require substantial electrical power, contributing to carbon emissions and environmental challenges. Green Computing has emerged as a sustainable approach that focuses on designing, implementing, and managing computing resources in an environmentally responsible manner while maintaining performance, reliability, and economic efficiency. This study presents a comprehensive review of Green Computing technologies for developing sustainable digital infrastructure. The research adopts a qualitative and analytical methodology based on secondary data collected from scientific publications, industry reports, sustainability frameworks, and technological case studies. The study examines major green computing approaches, including energy-efficient hardware, sustainable data centres, renewable energy integration, green cloud computing, virtualisation, edge computing, artificial intelligence-based energy optimisation, circular computing practices, and carbon-aware computing models. The findings indicate that Green Computing technologies significantly contribute to reducing energy consumption, lowering carbon emissions, improving resource utilisation, and enhancing the sustainability of digital ecosystems. Energy-efficient processors, intelligent workload management, server virtualisation, advanced cooling systems, renewable energy-powered data centres, and AI-driven optimisation techniques enable organisations to achieve higher computational efficiency while reducing environmental impact. However, several challenges remain, including high initial investment costs, technological complexity, lack of standardised sustainability metrics, electronic waste management, infrastructure limitations, and balancing computational performance with energy efficiency. The study highlights the importance of integrating Green Computing principles with emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence, cloud computing, Internet of Things, digital twins, and renewable energy systems. The research concludes that Green Computing represents a critical pathway towards sustainable digital transformation. Future digital infrastructures must adopt energy-aware architectures, circular economy principles, and intelligent resource management strategies to achieve environmentally responsible and resilient computing ecosystems.
Keywords	Green Computing, Sustainable Computing, Digital Infrastructure, Energy Efficiency, Green Cloud Computing, Renewable Energy, Data Centres, Artificial Intelligence, Carbon-Aware Computing.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 1, Issue 3, May-June 2019
Published On	2019-05-07

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American Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

A Comprehensive Review of Green Computing Technologies for Sustainable Digital Infrastructure

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