Large Language Models and the Future of Human–Computer Interaction

Andrea Bajcsy

Large Language Models and the Future of Human–Computer Interaction

Author(s)	Andrea Bajcsy
Country	United States
Abstract	Large Language Models (LLMs) are fundamentally changing the way humans interact with computers by enabling natural-language communication, contextual reasoning, multimodal interaction, personalised assistance, and increasingly autonomous task execution. Traditional human–computer interaction (HCI) has largely depended on graphical user interfaces, menus, commands, and structured input mechanisms. LLMs introduce a more conversational interaction paradigm in which users can communicate with computing systems through ordinary language and receive context-sensitive responses. This study examines the emerging role of LLMs in the future of HCI, focusing on conversational interfaces, adaptive systems, multimodal interaction, personalised computing, accessibility, intelligent agents, collaborative knowledge work, and human-AI cooperation. A qualitative and conceptual research methodology is adopted to examine the opportunities and challenges associated with LLM-enabled interaction. The analysis indicates that LLMs can reduce interaction barriers, improve accessibility, support natural-language programming, assist knowledge workers, and enable interfaces that dynamically adapt to user needs. At the same time, hallucinations, privacy concerns, algorithmic bias, explainability, over-reliance, interaction ambiguity, and the changing role of traditional interface design present significant challenges. The study proposes a human-centred LLM-HCI framework based on contextual understanding, multimodal interaction, user control, transparency, verification, and continuous feedback. The study concludes that the future of HCI is unlikely to be defined by the disappearance of graphical interfaces, but by the emergence of hybrid interaction environments in which natural language, visual interfaces, voice, gestures, and intelligent agents operate together.
Keywords	Large Language Models, Human–Computer Interaction, Artificial Intelligence, Conversational AI, Intelligent Interfaces, Multimodal Interaction, Human-AI Collaboration, Natural Language Processing, Generative AI, Intelligent Agents.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 4, Issue 6, November-December 2022
Published On	2022-11-27

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American Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation

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Large Language Models and the Future of Human–Computer Interaction

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