American Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation

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Volume 8 Issue 5
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Robotics and Sustainable Construction: Intelligent Automation for Safer and Resource-Efficient Building Processes

Author(s) Michael A. Cusumano
Country United States
Abstract The construction sector is undergoing a technological transformation driven by robotics, artificial intelligence, computer vision, digital twins, autonomous equipment and advanced sensing technologies. At the same time, the industry faces increasing pressure to reduce material consumption, construction waste, energy use, occupational accidents and environmental impacts while maintaining productivity and quality. Robotics offers opportunities to address these challenges by automating repetitive, hazardous and precision-intensive activities throughout the construction lifecycle. This paper examines the convergence of robotics and sustainable construction, focusing on autonomous construction equipment, robotic fabrication, 3D printing, automated material handling, robotic inspection, demolition robotics and AI-enabled construction monitoring. Particular attention is given to the integration of robotic systems with Building Information Modelling (BIM), digital twins, computer vision and real-time environmental sensing to create intelligent and resource-efficient construction processes. The paper proposes a human-centred framework in which robots augment rather than simply replace construction workers, supporting safer operations while retaining human expertise for complex decision-making. The study also examines barriers including high capital costs, unstructured construction environments, interoperability challenges, workforce adaptation, cybersecurity, regulatory uncertainty and difficulties in scaling robotic technologies across projects. A multi-layer sustainable construction robotics framework is proposed integrating project planning, robotic execution, resource optimisation, safety monitoring, environmental assessment and continuous learning. The paper argues that robotics can contribute to sustainable construction not only through labour automation but also through precision, waste reduction, material optimisation and improved lifecycle monitoring. Successful implementation will depend on integrating robotics with digital construction ecosystems and developing flexible technologies capable of operating collaboratively in complex real-world environments.
Keywords Construction Robotics, Sustainable Construction, Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous Systems, Construction Automation, BIM, Digital Twins, Resource Efficiency, Construction Safety, Robotic Fabrication.
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2025
Published On 2025-04-30
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