Integrated Photonics and Intelligent Computing: Emerging Architectures for High-Speed Data Processing

Steven Hague

Integrated Photonics and Intelligent Computing: Emerging Architectures for High-Speed Data Processing

Author(s)	Steven Hague
Country	United States
Abstract	The rapid growth of artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, cloud services and data-intensive applications is exposing fundamental limitations in conventional electronic computing architectures. Increasing data movement between processors, memory and communication networks contributes significantly to latency, power consumption and system complexity. Integrated photonics offers a promising pathway for addressing these challenges by using light for high-bandwidth communication, optical signal processing and, increasingly, computational operations. This paper examines the convergence of integrated photonics and intelligent computing, focusing on emerging architectures for high-speed data processing. It explores silicon photonics, photonic interconnects, optical switching, photonic tensor processing, wavelength-division multiplexing, optical neural networks and co-packaged photonic architectures. Particular attention is given to the role of photonics in artificial intelligence workloads, where matrix multiplication, data movement and memory bandwidth represent major performance bottlenecks. The paper proposes an integrated architecture combining electronic control, photonic data movement and optical acceleration to create heterogeneous computing platforms capable of processing large volumes of information with reduced communication latency and potentially improved energy efficiency. Challenges involving optical nonlinearities, fabrication variability, thermal sensitivity, precision, photonic memory, software programmability and electronic–photonic integration are also examined. The paper argues that photonics is unlikely to replace electronic computing entirely; rather, future systems are more likely to combine electronic logic with photonic communication and specialised optical computation. Such heterogeneous architectures could support next-generation AI accelerators, data-centre networks, scientific computing and real-time intelligent systems.
Keywords	Integrated Photonics, Silicon Photonics, Optical Computing, Intelligent Computing, Photonic Computing, Optical Interconnects, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, High-Speed Data Processing, Heterogeneous Computing.
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2025
Published On	2025-05-06

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American Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation

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Integrated Photonics and Intelligent Computing: Emerging Architectures for High-Speed Data Processing

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